Weixing Jin

This PhD research investigates the formation mechanisms of Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities (NORCs) through a multi-level analytical framework. Existing studies are largely descriptive, focusing on identification and distribution, with limited attention to underlying processes. This project addresses that gap, with a particular focus on the Australian context. It systematically classifies NORCs based on population change patterns and examines their spatial and demographic characteristics. Using Agent-Based Modelling (ABM), the study explores how individual behavioural rules shape neighbourhood change, and how interactions between individual decisions and environmental factors generate emergent spatiotemporal patterns. The findings aim to provide a deeper understanding of NORC formation and inform planning for ageing populations.